Periodization, defined as annual training, competition & recovery plans, connects the LTD stage the athlete is in to the requirements of that stage through developmentally appropriate training, competition & recovery schedules.

Biological differences between the sexes have typically not been acknowledged when designing training programs for the female athlete. Consequently, female athletes may experience musculoskeletal injuries or medical issues as a result of their training, recovery strategies & competition. “The Female Athlete Perspective” Coach/Parent/Administrator Guide highlights the LTD stages where adjustments or adaptations to training can be implemented with the intention of avoiding the known risks.

It is important to emphasize that there are also individual differences over & above the gender differences.

More importantly, there are research gaps when it comes to understanding the physiological & psychological differences between male & female athletes.